25 Tips to Prevent Freezing Pipes This Winter

As temperatures begin to drop, the City of Beloit Water Resources Division reminds residents to take precautions now to prevent frozen pipes and other winter-related plumbing issues. A few simple steps can help you avoid costly damage and keep your home running smoothly all winter long.

Water Resources staff continuously monitor frost depths and weather conditions to protect the water system. If a “run water” advisory becomes necessary, residents will be notified directly via door hanger or other means.

For questions or assistance, contact the City of Beloit Water Resources Division at 608-364-2888.

Before the Freeze: Prepare

The best way to prevent freezing pipes is prepare with a few key items. Homeowners can get started on these tasks now; renters and landlords can work together to ensure the safest and most comfortable winter. And neighbors, take care of neighbors.

1. Locate and Label the Main Shutoff Valve
Find the home’s main water shutoff (usually near the meter or basement wall) and label it clearly. Knowing this location can save thousands in damage if a pipe bursts.

2. Service the Heating Systems
Have the furnace serviced before winter. Replace filters regularly and check that heat tapes, space heaters, and thermostats are functioning safely.

3. Insulate Exposed Pipes
Install foam sleeves or heat tape on pipes in basements, crawl spaces, and unheated utility rooms. Focus on pipes along exterior walls or near windows.

4. Seal Air Leaks and Drafts
Cold air entering through gaps can freeze pipes fast. Seal holes around pipe entries, windows, and foundation walls with foam or caulk.

5. Insulate Crawl Spaces and Basements
Add insulation to walls, rim joists, and under floors to help maintain steady temperatures around plumbing.

6. Upgrade Outdoor Fixtures
Replace standard outdoor faucets with frost-free hose bibs and shut off outdoor water valves before the first freeze.

7. Disconnect and Drain Garden Hoses
Detach hoses and drain spigots completely. Leaving hoses attached can trap water and burst the faucet or connected pipe.

During the Freeze: Prevent Frozen Pipes

8. Keep Water Moving
During severe cold snaps, run a small, pencil-width stream of water continuously—especially if a home is on a dead-end street or cul-de-sac. Running water resists freezing.

9. Maintain Indoor Warmth
Keep thermostats at or above 55°F, even when away. Open cabinet doors under sinks so warm air can circulate around pipes.

10. Keep Garage Doors Closed
If water lines run through the garage, a closed door keeps temperatures several degrees warmer.

11. Monitor Water Temperature
Use a digital thermometer to check cold tap water. If it nears 32°F, increase indoor heat or let the faucet drip.

12. Check for Drafts or Cold Spots
Run a hand along pipes and walls. If a cold draft is found, seal it right away with insulation or temporary weatherproofing materials.

13. Avoid Pouring Grease Down Drains
Grease solidifies faster in cold weather, increasing the chance of clogs or backups.

If Pipes Freeze: What To Do

14. Identify Frozen Pipes
Watch for reduced water flow or no water at all from a faucet. Look for frost, condensation, or bulging on exposed pipes.

15. Thaw Frozen Pipes Safely
Use a hair dryer, heating pad, or warm towels to gently thaw pipes—starting from the faucet end and moving toward the blockage. Never use an open flame or blowtorch.

16. Open Faucets
As the pipe thaws, running water helps melt the remaining ice and relieve pressure inside the pipe.

17. Use Heat Lamps or Space Heaters Cautiously
For cold basements or crawl spaces, use a small space heater to warm the area—but keep it away from flammable materials and never leave it unattended.

18. Call a Professional When Needed
If you can’t locate or reach the frozen section, or if a pipe bursts, contact a licensed plumber. If the problem might be with the water service line, call the water utility for assistance.

19. Check for Damage
After thawing, inspect all plumbing joints and connections for leaks. Even small cracks can worsen under pressure.

Special Situations: Septic, Sewer, and Vacant Homes

20. Maintain Septic Systems (for rural homes)
Insulate exposed pipes, run warm water regularly, and avoid compacting snow over your drain field—it acts as natural insulation.

21. Protect Sump Pumps and Discharge Lines
Ensure discharge hoses are clear of snow or ice. A frozen line can cause flooding or pump failure.

22. Keep Sewer Vents Clear
Inspect vents and clean outs to ensure they are not blocked by snow or ice, which can cause gurgling drains or sewer odors.

23. Check Vacant or Seasonal Properties
Have someone visit regularly or shut off the water completely at the curb. Frost or condensation on windows can signal a heating failure

24. Prepare Home Before Travel
If leaving town, set the thermostat to no lower than 55°F, open interior doors for air circulation, and shut off the water supply to your washing machine. Unplug small appliances and leave a key with a trusted neighbor who can check the home periodically. A few minutes of prep can prevent a costly mess upon return.

25. Plan Ahead for Extended Travel
Gone for an extended period? Have a friend or neighbor run water periodically or request a temporary shutoff from the Water Utility.

 

Bonus Tip! Stay connected to City of Beloit Public Works to get live updates on run advisory for deep freeze events. Visit https://www.facebook.com/BeloitPublicWorks to stay current!